Explosive-engine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

- P. L. HIDER.

EXPLUSIVE ENGINE. No. 599,235. Patented Feb.v 15, 1898.

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(No Model.)

P. L. EIDER.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3. P. L. EIDER.

EXPLOSIVB ENGINE. 190.599.235. Patented Feb. 15, 1898.

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'PETER L. HIDER, OF OTTAWA, KANSAS.

EXPLOSIVENENGIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 599,235, dated February15, 1898.

v Application filed December 2l, 1896. Serial No. 616,487. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, PETER L. Hman, acitizen of the United States,residing at Ottawa, in the county of Franklin and State of Kansas, haveinvented a new and useful Explosive- Engine, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to engines in which a piston is reciprocatedwithin a cylinder by the explosion of a gaseous mixture consisting of acombination of air, compressed air, or air under pressure and gas or itsequivalent in proper proportions, and has for its object to produce anengine of this type which will convert a maximum amount of the explosiveforce into available energy for use in the industrial arts and whichwill be practically noiseless whenin operation and less subject tovibration, thereby obviating a serious obj ection urged against the useof explosive-engines. The engine may be single or double, according tothe power required and nature of the work to be performed. If double,the pistons will be arranged to operate alternately,so as to secure apractically steady and uniform motion and obviating in a great measurethe vibrations incident to single engines, wherein the crank-shaft isdriven positively through a half-revolution only,the niomentum of thefly-wheel being such as to sustain the load and turn the crank-shaft theremaining half of its revolution.

For a full understanding of the merits and advantages of the inventionreference is to be had to the accompanying drawings and the followingdescription.

The improvement is susceptible of various changes in the form,proportion, and the minor details of construction without departing fromthe principle or sacricing any of the advantages thereof, and to a fulldisclosure of the invention an adaptation thereof is shown in theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a rear view of an engineespecially designed for attaining the ends ofthis invention. Fig. 2 is aview similar to Fig. l, partly in section and having portions brokenaway. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, parts ofthe fly-wheel being brokenaway. Fig. 4t is atop plan view. Fig. 5 is a sectional detail showingthe relative disposition of the cooperating valves. Fig. 6 is a detailview of the supplyvalves,showing one o pen and the other closed. Fig. 7is a detail view of the exhaust-controlling valves and the check-valvescoperating therewith, the one being open and the other closed. Fig. 8 isa detail View in section of the gear-wheel having the cams on itsopposite faces for controlling the supply and exhaust valves. Fig. 9 isa sectional detail of a piston, showing the connection between it andthe pitman.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in the several views of the accompanyingdrawings by the same reference characters.

' The engine is of the upright type and is mounted upon a base l, whichis hollow and forms a muffler, the exhaust discharging into the spacethereof and cooling prior to being discharged into the open air, therebyobviating the noise so common in this class of engines resulting fromthe rapid discharge of the spent gases into the open air through a smallorifice. The frame 2 of the engine is mounted upon the base l and isbolted or otherwise secured thereto, a layer of asbestos 3 or othernon-heat-conducting material being interposed between the frame and baseto prevent the transmission of heat between these parts.. The engineproper is located at the upper end of the frame and consists of one ormore cylinders 4, a piston 5 foreach cylinder, and valves andvalve-controlling mechanism for the proper admission and exhausting ofthe motive medium. When the engine is single, a single set of valveswill be provided; but when it is double, as shown in the drawings, thevalves are duplicated, the valve-actuating mechanism being substantiallythe same in each instance. The crankshaft G is mounted in bearingsprovided on the frame, and its crank portions are disposed indiametrically opposite relation, whereby the pistons are caused tooperate alternately and travel in opposite directions. The iiywheel 7 issecured to an end of the crank,- shaft and is provided with the governormechanism, the latter consisting of a counterbalanced weight 8, pivotedat one end to the inner side of the fly-wheel rim and located in arecess formed therein, a spring 9 serving to hold the free end of theweight away from the rim, whereby the governor is norn IOO to theengine.

mally held out of action. A rod 10 is pivotally connected atits outerend with the weight 8, and its inner end operates in a channel formed inthe end of the crank-shaft 6 and has a cam or inclined portion 11 toeffect a longitudinal movementof a rod 12, slidably mounted within alongitudinal opening formed in the end portion of the crank-shaft 6 andengaging with a grooved collar or sleeve 13, S0 as to move the latter onthe crank-shaft to regulate the supply of gas or its equivalent A lever14 is fulcrumed about midway of its ends to an arm l5, projecting fromthe frame 2, and its lower end engages Awith the grooved collar orsleeve 13, and its upper end has a rod or bar 16 connected therewith bymeans of a stem 17, the end portions of the rod or bar 16 being disposedso as to engage with the stems of valves 18,where by the gas,hydrocarbon, or their equivalent is regulated in its supply to theengine. The stems of the valves 18 are moved outward by springs 19, andone of these springs is stronger than the other, so as to offera greaterresistance to the action of the governor when the latter is brought intoaction by reason of the engine acquiring an abnormal speed, therebyrendering it possible for one engine or cylinder to be completely cutoff from a supply of gas without shutting off the supply to the other.When the engine exceeds a given speed, the. weight 8 Will move outwardat its free end and cause the rod 10 to correspondingly move outward,thereby bringing the cam or wedge 11 into forcible contact withy the rod12 and moving the latter and the collar or sleeve 13 inward, carryingwith it the lower end of the lever 14 and causing the upper end of thesaid lever to move outward, whereby the rod or bar 16 is drawn againstthe stems of the valves 1S, with the result and for the purpose hereindescribed. The bar 16 has pivotal or loose connection with the stem 17to admit of its turning when moved forward by the lever 14,wherebyprovision is had for the differential movement of its opposite ends.

A valve 2O is provided for each exhaustport and opens upward, and itsstem 21 projects below the valve-casing to be positively actuated at theproper time to uncover the exhaust-port for the escape of the spentgases. A reciprocating bar 22 is slidably mounted in a bracket 23,projecting from the frame 2, and is adapted to engage with the stem 21of an exhaust-valve 20, and has a roller or lateral extension 24 at itslower end to enter a cam-groove 25, formed in a side of a gearwheel 26,which is mounted upon a pin or stud shaft 27, secured to the frame 2,and which is driven by means of an intermeshing gear-wheel 28, mountedupon the crank-shaft 6, so as to revolve therewith. lA rocker-bar 29 hasconnection at one end with the reciprocatin g bar 22,and its oppositeend is adapted to engage with the stem of the other exhaustvalve 20.Thus it will be seen that as the bar 22 ascends and engages with thestem of an exhaust-valve the free end of the rockerbar 29 lowers,thereby permitting the other exhaust-valve to become seated, and as thereciprocating bar 22 descends the exhaustvalve previously opened willclose, and the free end of the rocker-bar 29, engaging with the stem ofvthe exhaust valve previously closed, will unseat it. Hence theconstruction of the exhaust-valve-actuating mechanism is such as toalternately open the exhaustvalves, thereby permitting one engine toexhaust while the other engine is operating under the explosive actionof the gaseous mixture. The exhaust is conveyed to the mufiier or hollowbase 1 by means of pipes 30.

A valve-casing 31 is bolted or otherwise secured to the head or cap 32of the engine and communicates with the passage formed therein leadingto the cylinder. -A downwardlyopening check-valve 33 prevents the escapeof the gaseous mixture when exploded and opens to permit the supply ofthe said mixture to the engine at the proper time. A supply-valve 34controls the admission of the air or gaseous mixture into the spaceformed between the valves 33 and 34, and the valve 33 opensautomatically to permit the charging of the engine, and the valve 34 isopened positively by mechanism substantially the same as that resortedto for actuating the exhaust-valves. The air under pressure is suppliedto the valve-casing at 35 and the gas or hydrocarbon is supplied at thepoint 36, both the air and gas being conveyed to the respective points35 and 36 in any convenient and well-known manner. A needle-valve 37controls the supply of gas or hydrocarbon to the valve-casing, and theair and gas or hydrocarbon are mixed in the valve-casin g prior to theirentrance into the cylinder. The stems 38 of the supply-valves 34 projectbelow their respective valve-casings fora short distance, for a lpurposepresently to be explained` A slide-bar 39 is adapted to engage with astem 38, and its lower end has a lateral extension,which enters acam-groove 40, formed in the opposite side of the gear-wheel 26 to thatbearing the ca-mgroove 25, the cam-` grooves 25 and 40 being so disposedthat the exhaust and supply valves will be alternately actuated and bothprevented from being open at the same time. A rocker-bar 4l engages atone end with the-slide-bar 39, and its opposite end is adapted to engagewith the stem of the other supply-valve, whereby the supply-valves arealternately actuated in precisely the saine manner as theexhaust-valves.

Each piston 5 has a transverse opening '42 for the passage of a pin 43,by means of which connection is had of the pitman 44 therewith, the saidpin 43 being secured rigidly in an opening in the endV of the pitman bymeans of a' binding-screw 45. The pin 43 oscillates with the pitman 44in the opening 42 and is lubricated from the cylinder by reason of thelubricant passing into the end of IOO IIO

the opening 42, thereby preventing the pin from ruiming dr'y andprolonging the life of the connection between the pitman and pistonbecause of the self-lubrication and the extended bearing-surface.

Plugs 4G are let into the head or cap of the engineaud are electricallyinsulated therefrom and support one terminal 47 of a battery or electricgenerator, and the corresponding terminal 48 is attached to the pistonand is of V form, so as to receive the terminal 47 between its membersand thereby insure the formation of a spark, so as to explode thegaseous mixture at the proper time. One pole of the electric generatoris connected 'with the terminal 47 and the other pole with a convenientportion of the engine, the latter forming a conductor to convey thecurrent to the terminal 4S.

In order the attain the best results, the air is supplied to the engineunder pressure and the parts are disposed so that the gaseous mixture isexploded at each complete stroke of the piston, thereby materiallyTincreasing the efficiency of the engine over such as draw in a supply ofair and explode the gaseous mixture at each alternate stroke of thepiston. The air and gas maybe supplied separately or may be mixed inproper proportions prior to their entrance into the cylinder; but

. it is of the utmost importance that the same be supplied underpressure, for the purposes set forth.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new isl. In anexplosive-engine, the combination of a valve for controlling the supplyof gas to the engine, a weight having pivotal connection at one end withthe fly-wheel, a spring for holding the weight in a normal position, arod having connection with the aforesaid weight and moved thereby, andprovided at its inner end with a cam or inclined portion, a collar orsleeve slidably mounted upon the crank-shaft and moved thereon by thecam portion of the aforesaid rod, and a lever between the collar andvalve for varying the position of the said valve to control theadmission of gas to the engine, substantially as set forth.

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a valve for controllingthe supply of gas thereto, a counterbalanced weight applied to the rimof the fly-wheel, a rod having connection at its outer end with theweight and provided at its inner end with a cam portion operating in achannel formed in the crankshaft, a rod slidably mounted within alongitudinal opening in the crankshaft and moved in one direction by thecam portion of the aforesaid rod, a collar mounted upon the crank-shaftand having connection with the slidable rod so as to move therewith, anda lever connecting the collar with the aforesaid valve for controllingits position to regulate the supply of gas to the engine, substantiallyin the manner set forth.

3. In an explosive-engine, the combination of two valves for controllingthe supply of gas or hydrocarbon to the engine, springs of differentstrength for holding the said valves open, and a governor mechanism forexerting an equal pressure against the valves for closing them, theparts being so disposed that the valve having the weaker spring willclose prior to the valve having the stronger spring and offering greaterresistance, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an explosive-engine, the combination of independent engines, apair of controllingvalves therefor, a bar mounted to make directconnection with one of the valves for unseating it, means forreciprocating the said bar, and a rocker-bar having direct connection atone end with the reciprocating bar and adapted to alternately engage atits opposite end with the other valve, whereby the said valves andengines are alternately actuated, snbstantially as set forth.

5. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a pair of exhaust-valvesand a pair of supply-valves, reciprocating bars adapted to enn gage withone of the valves, rocker bars adapted to engage with the other of thesaid valves and operated from the reciprocating bars, and a rotatablewheel having cam portions to alternately actuate the reciprocating barsin reverse directions, whereby 'the exhaust and supply valves arealternately opened and closed, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' PETER L. I-IIDER.

Witnesses:

FRED. Huss, Eva YVEBB.

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